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After his death, Buddha was cremated and the ashes divided among his disciples. Originally his ashes were to go only to the Sakya clan to which Buddha belonged; however, seven royal families demanded the body relics. To avoid fighting, a monk divided the relics into ten portions, eight from the body relics, one from the ashes of Buddha's cremation pyre and one from the bucket used to divide the relics.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 author=Donald S. Lope Jr. )〕 After The Buddha's ''Parinibbāna'', his relics were enshrined and worshipped in stupas by the royals of eight countries. 1. To Ajatasattu, king of Magadha 2. To the Licchavis of Vesali 3. To the Sakyas of Kapilavastu 4. To the Bulis of Allakappa 5. To the Koliyas of Ramagrama 6. To the brahmin of Vethadipa 7. To the Mallas of Pava 8. To the Mallas of Kusinara When the Chinese pilgrims Fa-hien and Hiuen Tsang visited India centuries later, they reported most of these sites were in ruin.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Gautama Buddha, Four Bones And Three Countries )〕 In some versions of the legend of King Ashoka, when he began his journey to collect the relics he still believed them to be held in the original eight stupas. The ''Lokapannatti'' (11th/12th century) tells the story of King Ajatashatru of Magadha who gathered the Buddha's relics and hid them in an underground stupa. The Buddha's relics were protected by spirit-powered mechanical robots (bhuta vahana yanta) from the kingdom of Roma visaya until they were disarmed by King Ashoka. The Ashokavadana narrates how Ashoka redistributed Buddha's relics across 84,000 stupas, with the distribution of the relics and construction of the stupas performed by Yakshas. The Mahaparinirvana sutra says that of the Buddha's four eye teeth (canines), one was worshipped in Indra's Heaven, the second in the city of Ghandara, the third in Kalinga, and the fourth in Ramagrama by the king of the Nagas. Annually in Sri Lanka and China, tooth relics would be paraded through the streets. In the past relics have had the legal right to own property; and the destruction of stupas containing relics was a capital crime viewed as murder of a living person. A southeast Asian tradition says that after his parinirvana the gods distributed the Buddha's 800,000 body and 900,000 head hairs throughout the universe. In Theravada according to the 5th century Buddhaghosa possessing relics was one of the criteria in Theravada for what constituted a proper monastery. The adventures of many relics are said to have been foretold by Buddha, as they spread the dharma and gave legitimacy to rulers. It is said all the Buddha's relics will one day gather at the Bodhi tree where he attained enlightenment and will then form his body sitting cross legged and performing the twin miracle. It is said the disappearance of the relics at this point will signal the coming of Maitreya Buddha. In the Nandimitravadana translated by Xuanzang it is said that the Buddha's relics will be brought to parinirvana by sixteen great arhats and enshrined in a great stupa. That stupa will then be worshipped until it sinks into the earth down to the golden wheel underlying the universe. The relics are not destroyed by fire in this version but placed in a final reliquary deep within the earth, perhaps to appear again. Previous incarnations of the Buddha also left relics; in the Buddhavamsa it mentions that the Sobhita, Paduma, Sumedha, Atthadassi, Phussa, Vessabhu, and Kanagamana buddhas have had their relics dispersed. ==Relics in Afghanistan== Sometime in the middle of the fifth century the Chinese pilgrim Daorong traveled to Afghanistan visiting pilgrimage sites. In Nagaharahara was a piece of bone from the top of Buddha's skull four inches long. Also in the city was an enshrined staff, and a jeweled reliquary containing some teeth and hair. A shadow was said to have been projected onto a rock wall, said to have belonged to Buddha, as well as a set of foot prints, and a site venerated for being where Buddha washed his robe. A temple said to have been built by Buddha is sinking into the ground here, with what is said to be his writing on the wall. A tooth of the Buddha was kept in Baktra. In Bamyan a tooth of Buddha was stored along with the tooth of a cakravartin king. An early masterpiece of the Greco Buddhist art of Ghandara, and one of the earliest representations of the Buddha, the Bimaran casket was discovered in a stupa near Jalabad in eastern Afghanistan. Although the casket bears an inscription saying it contained some of the relics of the Buddha; no relics were discovered when the box was opened.〔Senior (2008), pp. 25-27.〕 Buddha's first disciples Trapusa and Bhallika received eight strands of hair from him which they brought to their home town of Balkh and enshrined in a golden stupa by the gate. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Relics associated with Buddha」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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